One species of bonnethead shark, S. tiburo, is omnivorous, because it eats seagrass. The smaller bonnethead sharks have thicker, flattened crushing teeth and often prey on crabs, shrimp, and fishes buried in the sand. The specific habitat preference of these predators depends upon the species. In the eastern Pacific Ocean, hammerheads swim from California to the tip of South America. Get ready, we’re about to make a SPLASH with “AWESOME 8’S” GREATEST ANIMALS of the Galápagos! Chopper footage shows the shark circling in crystal clear waters in … There have been very few recorded attacks on people by the great hammerhead. Let's find out and explore about hammerheads in Hammerhead Sharks Facts for kids! All rights reserved. A number of hammerhead species are social while they are not hunting. One litter can range from six to about 50 pups. This is when an animal is darker on top, and lighter underneath, to blend in with the dark depths, or light surface of the water, respectively. These sharks have a hammer-like head with small mouth. Smaller species produce just a few young, whereas the great hammerhead will give birth to several dozen. While hammerhead sharks usually are not considered dangerous, there have been several confirmed accounts of large hammerhead sharks attacking people. This species does require very specific temperature, salinity, and pH to survive, and an experienced aquarist must be in charge of their care. Unlike scalloped hammerhead sharks, great hammerhead sharks are solitary and migrate long distances upward of 756 miles (1,200 km) alone. Hammerhead sharks do not make good pets. Because of their large size, great hammerhead sharks are not preyed upon by other marine animals.1, Great hammerheads are, however, vulnerable to overfishing. Hammerhead sharks as a whole will feed on a wide variety of prey. Depending on the species, litters can range anywhere from 12 – 40 pups. 3. Great hammerheads mate via internal fertilization and give birth to live young – anywhere from 6 to 42 pups – once every two years. These cartilaginous fishes vary in size; the small scalloped bonnethead (S. corona) measures only 90 cm (35 inches) long, whereas the great hammerhead (S. mokarran) grows to over 6.1 metres (20 feet) in length. Hammerhead sharks, or sphyrnids, are perhaps the most distinctive and unique of all sharks. They trap the stingrays and clamp it on the sea floor. Living creatures' bodies give off electrical signals, which are picked up by sensors on the prowling hammerhead. In years with warm El Niño conditions, hammerhead sharks may range many hundreds of kilometres farther than normal. Sailors for the Sea developed the KELP (Kids Environmental Lesson Plans) program to create the next generation of ocean stewards. Great hammerhead shark is found in Australia, Gulf of Mexico, Ryukyu Islands, Uruguay, Peru, Mediterranean Sea, North Carolina, Senegal, Baja California, New Caledonia, Caribbean Sea and off Indian Ocean. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The longest great hammerhead shark ever recorded was 20 feet (6.1 m) long, and the heaviest great hammerhead shark ever recorded was 991 pounds (450 kg). There are very few documented incidents of hammerhead sharks biting humans. Learn more about these interesting creatures below. Apart from these, they also feed on octopus, crabs, shrimp, squid, krill, lobsters and barnacles. There are 10 species of hammerhead shark.. Hammerheads are found worldwide in warmer waters along coastlines and continental shelves.. The shark's eye placement, on each end of its very wide head, allows it to scan more area more quickly than other sharks can. It’s finding their known local haunts that give you the best chances of finding your target instead of bycatch. The highest concentrations of hammerheads occur near coastlines and along continental shelves. The hammerhead also has special sensors across its head that helps it scan for food in the ocean. However, it is observed that great hammerhead, smooth hammerhead and scalloped hammerhead are likely to attack humans more often. Hammerhead sharks can grow up to a length of 20 feet and weigh around 1,000 pounds. Some species will cannibalize their own species, and some will even feed on their own offspring. The IUCN lists a number of hammerhead shark species as Endangered or Vulnerable, and they have not assessed a few species yet. Hammerheads' mouths are on the underside of their heads. These organs may even detect the electrical impulses of prey buried in sediment. These sharks reside in oceans worldwide, particularly in warm waters and near the coast. Oceana joined forces with Sailors for the Sea, an ocean conservation organization dedicated to educating and engaging the world’s boating community. They are grayish in color, and sometimes have a green tint. First, the flattened and expanded head acts as a hydrodynamic bow plane that allows the shark to raise and turn its head quickly and sharply. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. The peculiar shapes of sphyrnid cephalofoils appear to serve several purposes. In contrast, larger hammerhead sharks possess sizable bladelike teeth and often prey on larger fishes, squid, small sharks, and stingrays. The aquarist would need to keep them alone, as they would likely eat their tank-mates. When a hammerhead pup is born, its head is more rounded than its parents'. The waters off Malpelo Island, Colombia, are home to a diverse marine life, which includes the scalloped hammerhead shark. The hammerhead sharks are a group of sharks that form the family Sphyrnidae, so named for the unusual and distinctive structure of their heads, which are flattened and laterally extended into a "hammer" shape called a cephalofoil. There are nine different species of hammerhead shark, and each has its own unique traits and adaptations. Hammerhead sharks do not make good pets. The embryos receive nourishment through a yolk sac that eventually develops into a structure similar to a mammalian placenta. The oddest-looking sharks are the hammerheads (. https://www.britannica.com/animal/hammerhead-shark, hammerhead shark - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). A hammerhead shark uses its wide head to trap stingrays by pinning them to the seafloor. Researchers have found partially-digested seagrass in the stomachs of the bonnethead shark. They have very impressive triangular, serrated teeth—like the edge of a saw's blade. This shark's unusual name comes from the unusual shape of its head, an amazing piece of anatomy built to maximize the fish's ability to find its favorite meal: stingrays. The T-shaped heads of these carnivores are important in pinning down and weakening their targets, that includes smaller bony fish, squid, octopuses, crustaceans, and stingrays, which happen to be their favorite meal. ‘Hammerhead sharks’ is the name of a group of sharks. The great hammerhead shark is the largest of all hammerhead species, reaching a maximum known length of 20 feet (6.1 m)1 and weight of 991 pounds (450 kg).2 The species is distinguished from other hammerheads by its nearly straight hammer-shaped head (cephalofoil) that has a prominent indentation in the middle. These sharks are viviparous, which means that they develop their young inside their bodies before giving live birth. If the pups are not threatened by fisheries or preyed upon by larger shark species, including great hammerheads, they may live up to 44 years, and possibly longer.1, Like other hammerhead species, great hammerhead sharks have long, serrated teeth and use their hammer-shaped heads to detect and eat prey. Updates? Hammerhead sharks often solitary hunters, swimming close to the bottom of the ocean, and studying prey’s behavior before striking with the help of their electroreceptors. These schools do not remain together overnight however, as hunting is solitary. They feed on fish, smaller sharks, squid, octopus, crabs, and lobsters. 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