It lies along the Ob River where the latter is crossed by the Trans-Siberian Railroad. Novosibirsk is a major manufacturing centre. The bridge was completed in 1897, and in 1903 town status was conferred. Power is provided by a dam and hydroelectric station above Novosibirsk and by several thermal stations in the city itself. Novosibirsk is the principal cultural and educational centre in Siberia. The continued development of the town was based chiefly on its proximity to the Kuznetsk (Kuzbass) coalfield to the east and the establishment of important railway routes. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. There are two airports, a smaller one serving local air connections and a large main airport with direct flights to Moscow and other major cities of Russia. It has an opera and ballet theatre, botanical gardens, an art gallery, and museums, as well as a symphony orchestra. Novosibirsk, city, administrative centre of Novosibirsk oblast (region) and the chief city of western Siberia, in south-central Russia. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In 1925 the town was renamed Novosibirsk (“New Siberia”). There are some two dozen institutions of higher learning, including the Novosibirsk State University, founded in 1959; other higher-education establishments include railway engineering, electrotechnical, medical, agricultural, and teacher-training institutes. Which of these nations does not border Thailand? By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The old, pre-Revolutionary iron industry has been transformed into the modern Kuzmin steelworks, which has monopolized Russia’s production of special kinds of alloyed steel and small-diameter pipes. Omissions? From the 1960s Akademgorodok has comprised Russia’s largest cluster of basic science research institutes and personnel outside Moscow and St. Petersburg. The settlement was known variously as Gusevka or Aleksandrovsky, but in 1895 it was renamed Novonikolayevsk in honour of the accession of Tsar Nicholas II. Although it has a wide range of industries, engineering, non-ferrous metallurgy, and food processing predominate. It is now the largest city in Siberia. Engineering works produce heavy machinery, military aircraft, hydraulic presses, electrothermal equipment, ore-concentrating and mining machinery, and agricultural machinery. It lies along the Ob River where the latter is crossed by the Trans-Siberian Railroad. With the large number of educational institutions, the proportion of students enrolled in higher education in the city is among the highest in Russia. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. (2005 est.) Consumer products include furniture, pianos, shoes, textiles, knitwear, and foodstuffs. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Precision- and light-engineering plants make machine tools, instruments, radios, and automatic looms. Alternative Titles: Aleksandrovsky, Gusevka, Novonikolayevsky Novosibirsk, city, administrative centre of Novosibirsk oblast (region) and the chief city of western Siberia, in south-central Russia. A stop on the famous Trans-Siberian Railway, Novosibirsk is perched on the banks of the Ob River, which features fountains that seem to float on its surface. The city’s industry was especially stimulated in World War II, when many factories were evacuated from European Russia to the area. It developed after the village of Krivoshchekovo on the left bank was chosen as the crossing point of the Ob for the Trans-Siberian Railroad in 1893. A stop on the famous Trans-Siberian Railway, Novosibirsk is perched on the banks of the Ob River, which features fountains that seem to float on its surface. 1,405,569. Corrections? Most of these institutes belong to the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. There are also ship and locomotive repair shops. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Novosibirsk-Russia, Official Site of the city of Novosibirsk, Russia, Novosibirsk - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Ob River is navigable. The university and a number of these institutes are located in the satellite town of Akademgorodok (“Academic Town”), south of the city. You can learn about the city’s founding at the West Siberian Railway History Museum. The chemical industry has developed rapidly. In addition to the trunk railway services via the Trans-Siberian, Kuzbass, and Turksib lines, local electric commuter trains link the suburbs to the city centre. Akademgorodok (“Academic Town”), south of Novosibirsk, Russia. The city also has a large tin smelter and a highly specialized gold refinery. During the 1990s many scientists left the area and relocated outside Russia, though some of these researchers remained affiliated with their home institutions. You can learn about the city’s founding at the West Siberian Railway History Museum. Transportation within the city is by bus, streetcar, and trolleybus.

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