Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. 49 (1885) 42 (1871) By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In 1971, Congress consolidated its earlier reform efforts in the Federal Election Campaign Act, instituting more stringent disclosure requirements for federal candidates, political parties and political action committees (PACs). The 1974 amendments also established an independent agency, the FEC. In McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission (2014), the Supreme Court struck down FECA amendments, including by the BCRA, that had imposed aggregate limits on individual contributions to multiple federal candidates, political parties, and political action committees (PACs). 12 (1811) Inside Campaign Finance. In order to combat this latest explosion in corporate electoral spending, Congress created comprehensive reform legislation aimed at addressing several perceived shortcomings of the earlier legislation. (a) In general.—Section 302 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. Additionally, at least four votes are required for any official FEC action. 30101 et seq. 39 (1865) By law, no more than three commissioners may be the member of the same political party. The New Campaign Finance Sourcebook. Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (1971) [electronic resource]. In Buckley v. Valeo (1976), the Supreme Court upheld the limits on contributions, the reporting and disclosure rules, and the system of voluntary public financing for presidential campaigns, but it struck down the limits on independent expenditures, the caps on campaign spending, and the limits on what candidates could contribute to their own campaigns. If you are 13 years old when were you born? Has the Supreme Court Finally Become a Major Issue in a Presidential Election? 25 (1837) 14 (1815) President Richard Nixon had it listed on his list of top policies to cover for the year. Therefore, restrictions on federal election expenditures must survive strict scrutiny: the restrictions must serve a compelling government interest and be narrowly tailored to achieve the law’s purpose. The Watergate break-in was ultimately connected to the Committee for the Re-Election of the President through the misuse of campaign funds. 65 (1917) 80 (1947), 81 (1949) It was meant to reform campaign finance. The Federal Election Campaign Act 1971 is the main act of congress through which political campaign finance is regulated in the United States. The Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) also introduced outright bans on certain corporate and union contributions, speech, and expenditures. List of United States federal legislation, Title IX Amendment of the Higher Education Act, Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972, List of amendments to the United States Constitution, Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, List of special elections to the United States Senate, List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives, Secret and Confidential Government Documents, Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures, Attending Physician of the United States Congress, United States House of Representatives elections, 1970, United States House of Representatives elections, 1972, Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=92nd_United_States_Congress&oldid=981839325, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, All articles with lists with data missing, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, District elected first delegate since the seat was re-established during previous congress, Resigned January 29, 1971, after being appointed, Resigned October 7, 1971, after being appointed to the, Resigned May 1, 1972, after being appointed Undersecretary General for Political and General Assembly Affairs at the, Resigned after being elected Governor of Louisiana May 9, 1972, Resigned after being appointed as a judge of the, March 23, 1971: Approved an amendment to the, March 22, 1972: Approved an amendment to the Constitution designed to guarantee, Joe Bartlett (until 1971) (R), Bob Berry (starting 1971) (R), This page was last edited on 4 October 2020, at 18:22. 110 (2007), 111 (2009) 77 (1941) 108 (2003) Following reports of serious financial abuses in the 1972 presidential campaign, Congress amended the Federal Election Campaign Act in 1974 to set limits on contributions by individuals, political parties and PACs. 105 (1997) Parks inspired the Montgomery Bus Boycott when she was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama. Passing legislation on revenue-sharing was a key event of the congress. “Politics, Experience and the First Amendment: The Case of American Campaign Finance.” Columbia Law Review 94 (1994): 1348–1368. FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC. 23 (1833) Sorauf, Frank J. 92 (1971) To mark the agency's 40th anniversary, the Commission created an interactive timeline that highlights some of the key developments in the agency's history. In addition, the law strengthened public disclosure of campaign spending by requiring all political committees—not just campaigns or party organizations—to register and file regular reports with the FEC itemizing contributions to and expenditures by each committee.

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