183–209. The Chambers Dictionary defines it as "a means by which a questioner pretends to know less than a respondent, when actually he knows more". 2. [52], Joseph Dane writes "From a twentieth-century perspective, the most crucial area in the history of irony is that described by the term romantic irony." Opposite of to ignore or disregard contemptuously. ", Bogel, Fredric V. "Irony, Inference, and Critical Understanding.". There are, however, examples of verbal irony that do not rely on saying the opposite of what one means, and there are cases where all the traditional criteria of irony exist and the utterance is not ironic. . "Gestural Codas Pave The Way To The Understanding Of Verbal Irony." (Alanis Morissette's song "Isn't it Ironic?" the making of unkind jokes as a way of showing one's scorn for someone or something, the early efforts by the suffragists to obtain voting rights for women were met with, to make (someone or something) the object of unkind laughter, the term "big bang theory" was originally coined to, 'Cordial': A Word Straight from the Heart. "[50], Writing about performances of Shakespeare's Othello in apartheid South Africa, Robert Gordon suggests: "Could it be that black people in the audience ... may have viewed as a comic irony his audacity and naïvety in thinking he could pass for white. “Ridicule.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/ridicule. Also, since the play within the play is performed by the inmates of a lunatic asylum, the theatre audience cannot tell whether the paranoia displayed before them is that of the players, or the people they are portraying. Tragic irony is a special category of dramatic irony. Echoic allusion is the main component involved in conveying verbally ironic meaning. Partridge in Usage and Abusage would separate the two forms of speech completely: Irony must not be confused with sarcasm, which is direct: sarcasm means precisely what it says, but in a sharp, caustic, ... manner. Find more ways to say belittle, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. Opposite of ridiculous, often to the point of being funny. The code for attribution links is required. Such a character of God, if not ridiculed by our young men, is likely to be imitated by them. Some common synonyms of ridicule are deride, mock, and taunt. But Bork needs his model of linear decline because he's determined to make the argument that persuasion, change of fashion, natural maturing processes, and. By this account, sarcasm is a particular kind of personal criticism levelled against a person or group of persons that incorporates verbal irony. Also, Eric Partridge, in Usage and Abusage, writes that "Irony consists in stating the contrary of what is meant.". the incongruity created when the (tragic) significance of a character's speech or actions is revealed to the audience but unknown to the character concerned, the literary device so used, orig. For instance, the following explicit similes begin with the deceptive formation of a statement that means A but that eventually conveys the meaning not A: The irony is recognizable in each case only by using knowledge of the source concepts (e.g., that mud is opaque, that root canal surgery is painful) to detect an incongruity. The term irony has its roots in the Greek comic character Eiron, a clever underdog who by his wit repeatedly triumphs over the boastful character Alazon. Similarly, among other literary critics, writer David Foster Wallace viewed the pervasiveness of ironic and other postmodern tropes as the cause of "great despair and stasis in U.S. culture, and that for aspiring fictionists [ironies] pose terrifically vexing problems."[64]. Ridicule antonyms. Inflections of 'ridicule' (v): (⇒ conjugate) ridicules v 3rd person singular ridiculing v pres p verb, present participle: -ing verb used descriptively or to form progressive verb--for example, "a singing bird," "It is singing." The Oxford English Dictionary's entry for sarcasm does not mention irony, but the irony entry includes: A figure of speech in which the intended meaning is the opposite of that expressed by the words used; usually taking the form of sarcasm or ridicule in which laudatory expressions are used to imply condemnation or contempt. [68][example needed], We were always kidding about the use of irony. An ironic statement usually involves the explicit expression of one attitude or evaluation, but with indications in the overall speech-situation that the speaker intends a very different, and often opposite, attitude or evaluation.[14]. Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard, and others, sees irony, such as that used by Socrates, as a disruptive force with the power to undo texts and readers alike. For the first twelve chapters […] the reader has been able to immerse him or herself in the story, enjoying the kind of 'suspension of disbelief' required of realist novels […] what follows is a remarkable act of metafictional 'frame-breaking'. The resulting situation is poignantly contrary to what was expected or intended. Upon awakening to find her dead lover beside her, Juliet stabs herself with a dagger thus killing herself, too.[30]. Aristotle mentions Eironeia, which in his time was commonly employed to signify, not according to the modern use of 'Irony, saying the contrary to what is meant', but, what later writers usually express by Litotes, i.e. Verbal, dramatic, and situational irony are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. Only children and people without any education will laugh at anything of this kind; for here the incongruity between the conceived and the perceived is total.”, Some speakers of English complain that the words irony and ironic are often misused,[67] though the more general casual usage of a contradiction between circumstance and expectation originates in the 1640s.

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