Les intellectuels sont réhabilités par milliers. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Later, he was sent to a high-security work camp to be part of “reformation through labor.”. Both he and Xiaoping were reinstated as members of the ‘CCP’ in 1973 but were purged again in 1976. Inscrivez-vous à notre newsletter hebdomadaire et recevez en cadeau un ebook au choix ! After his cremation, the final resting place of his remains was moved from the ‘Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetry’ to a large mausoleum, a pyramid-shaped tomb, atop a hill in Gongqing, Jiangxi, upon his wife’s insistence. Ils proposèrent un début de démocratisation politique. Early in 1987, after several weeks of student demonstrations demanding greater Western-style freedom, Hu was forced to resign for “mistakes on major issues of political policy.” He nevertheless remained a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau. These protests eventually led to the ‘Tiananmen Square’ protests, also known as the ‘Tiananmen Square Massacre’ of June 4, 1989. Selon Jean-Philippe Béja, directeur de recherches au CERI, Hu Yaobang était « un partisan du socialisme à visage humain qui croyait au socialisme mais qui était prêt à discuter avec ceux qui n'y croyaient pas ». He and Xiaoping played vital roles in each other’s rise to power. [14] Han Chinese who remained were required to learn Tibetan. Because of Hu's support of Mao, he was deemed unreliable and ordered to join the Long March so that he could be placed under surveillance. He participated in various rebellions against the ‘Nationalist’ forces until his party’s victory in 1949 and the formation of the People’s Republic of China. They attended Yaobang’s memorial service and handed over a letter of petition to Premier Li Peng. Hu Deping, diplômé d'histoire de l'université de Pékin, est alors vice-directeur du musée d'histoire de Chine. The tomb was constructed in the shape of a pyramid, on the top of a hill. Certains diplomates pensent que cette célébration fut l'expression d'une volonté réformatrice de la part du président Hu Jintao, pourtant peu connu jusqu'ici pour ses idées démocratiques. Xi lavished Hu with praise for his accomplishments, and said that Hu "dedicated his life to the party and to the people. Le 15, Hu Yaobang, ancien secrétaire général du Parti communiste, meurt d'une crise cardiaque. The Tiananmen protests eventually ended in the violent suppression of protesters on 4 June 1989, in which hundreds of civilians were killed. [7] After Hu was wounded the communist field medic teams chose not to help Hu, and left him in the battlefield to die on the side of the road. Hu encouraged intellectuals to raise controversial subjects in the media, including democracy, human rights, and the possibility of introducing legal limits to the Communist Party's influence within the Chinese government. Hu was forced to resign as Party general secretary in 1987, but was allowed to retain a seat in the Politburo. On the political front, he introduced democratic methods to choose members for the ‘Politburo,’ brought in more transparency in the functioning of the government, collected popular opinion before framing any policy, and made the government officials accountable for their actions. During their expedition against the ‘Nationalist’ army in Sichuan, he was led by Deng Xiaoping, his friend and political mentor. Military officials accused Hu of making poor choices when purchasing military hardware from Australia in 1985. During the Cultural Revolution, Hu was purged twice and rehabilitated twice, mirroring the political career of Hu's mentor, Deng Xiaoping. He married Li Zhao in 1941. Hu Yaobang was sympathetic towards the student’s demonstrations for prodemocracy and his death sparked student leaders will to protest against the communist party. On 5 December 1990 Hu's ashes were flown to Gongqing, carried by his son, Hu Deping. He was one of the first Chinese officials to abandon wearing a Mao suit in favor of Western business suits. 15-29 avril 1989 - Chine. «  [33] The article was interpreted by observers familiar with the Chinese political system as a confirmation by Wen that he was a protege of Hu, rather than Zhao Ziyang.[12]. Zeng stated that Hu had "contributed all his life and built immortal merits for the liberation and happiness of the Chinese people... His historic achievements and moral character will always be remembered by the Party and our people."[30]. L'histoire et les idées de Hu Yaobang subissent une chape de silence en Chine, où le Parti fait tout pour qu'on parle le moins possible de cet encombrant personnage. At the tender age of 12, he began supporting communist leader Mao Zedong. He played a crucial role in absolving around three million people who were convicted during the ‘Cultural Revolution.’ It earned him great respect in the eyes of the people. Skeptics noted that Hu Jintao made a statement praising the governments of Cuba and North Korea (in spite of their economic "flaws") shortly after announcing Hu Yaobang's public commemoration, implying that it would be unlikely that the party would pursue a dramatic programme of political reform in the near future. In contrast to the event held by the previous leadership ten years earlier, the 100th anniversary event was deliberately high-profile and attended by all members of the Politburo Standing Committee. However, a powerful local communist commander named Tan Yubao (谭余保, 1899 – 10 January 1980) intervened at the last minute, saving Hu's life. Hu's wife, Li Zhao, was unhappy with the location of Hu's grave, and successfully petitioned the government to move Hu's remains to a more suitable site. Hu's political and economic reforms made him the enemy of several powerful Party elders, who opposed free market reforms and attempts to make China's government more transparent. Suivez toute l'actualité sur Hu Yaobang, et retrouvez les dernières informations dans les articles du Point.

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